Your vehicle battery is dead, and you need to jump-start it. Are you familiar with the proper method for jump-starting a vehicle?
Quick Tips Before You Start
- Always check your owner’s manual first: some vehicles have special requirements
- Red to positive (+), black to negative (-), or ground: never connect the final black clamp to the dead battery
- Turn off ALL electronics in both vehicles before connecting
- Drive for at least 20-30 minutes after a successful jump-start
- Never jump-start a frozen, cracked, or leaking battery
- Wear gloves and eye protection if available
At some point, almost every driver will turn their key or push the start button. They may hear a clicking sound or, even worse, complete silence. A dead battery is one of the most common vehicle problems.
This guide teaches you the safest and most effective methods to jump-start a car when you face a dead battery. Using jumper cables with another car.
Why Do Car Batteries Die?
Car batteries typically last 3-5 years, but several common issues can cause premature failure:
- Leaving lights or accessories on when the engine isn’t running
- Extreme temperatures (both hot and cold weather affect battery performance)
- Age and natural damage of the battery cells
- A faulty alternator, not properly recharging the battery
- Short trips that don’t allow the battery to fully recharge
- Corrosion on battery terminals is causing poor connections
- Damaged or loose battery cables contribute to power loss
Warning signs of a failing battery include:
- Slow engine cranking
- Dim headlights
- Electrical system issues
- The battery warning light on your dashboard
Essential Equipment for Jump-Starting
Jumper Cables
Quality jumper cables are your lifeline in a battery emergency. Look for:
- Thickness: 4-6 gauge cables (lower numbers mean thicker cables that carry more current)
- Length: 16-20 feet provides flexibility for positioning vehicles
- Clamps: Strong springs with teeth that bite firmly into battery terminals
Safety Equipment
- Gloves: To protect from battery acid and electrical shock
- Eye protection: Shields eyes from potential battery acid splashes
- Clean rag: For wiping corrosion from terminals before connecting
Before attempting to jump-start any vehicle:
- Check your owner’s manual for any specific instructions or cautions from the manufacturer
- Ensure you’re in a safe location away from traffic
- Verify both batteries are standard 12-volt systems (most vehicles, including hybrids, use 12V batteries)
- Inspect batteries for damage (cracks, leaks, bulging). Never jump-start a damaged or frozen battery
- Remove metal jewelry and wear eye protection if available
- Never lean directly over the battery when making connections
- Keep sparks or flames away from the battery
- Clean any visible corrosion from battery terminals using a brush or cloth (while wearing gloves)
Step-by-Step: Jump-Starting with Another Vehicle
Follow this sequence carefully to safely jump-start your car:
Step 1: Position the Vehicles for Jump-Start
- Park the working vehicle close enough so that jumper cables can reach both batteries
- Ensure vehicles are near each other but not touching
- Turn off both vehicles completely and remove the keys
- Set both transmissions to “Park” (or in gear for manual transmissions)
- Engage the parking brakes on both cars
- Turn off all lights, radio, air conditioning, and electronic accessories
- Open hoods and locate batteries
Step 2: Connect the Jumper Cables
The connection sequence is critical for safety:
- First, connect the RED clamp to the POSITIVE (+) terminal of the dead battery
- Next, connect the other RED clamp to the POSITIVE (+) terminal of the good battery
- Then, connect the BLACK clamp to the NEGATIVE (-) terminal of the good battery
- Finally, connect the other BLACK clamp to a bare metal spot on the engine of the car with the dead battery. Do NOT connect it to the negative terminal
This final connection technique creates a ground that significantly reduces spark risk near the battery.
Step 3: Start the Vehicles
- Start the working vehicle first
- Let it run for 2-3 minutes at a slightly increased idle
- Try starting your vehicle with the dead battery
- If it doesn’t start right away, wait another minute and try again
- Once your vehicle starts, let both vehicles run for a few minutes to stabilize the electrical systems
Step 4: Disconnect the Cables
Disconnect in the REVERSE order of connection:
- Remove the BLACK clamp from the metal surface of the previously dead car
- Remove the BLACK clamp from the negative terminal of the helper car
- Remove the RED clamp from the positive terminal of the helper car
- Remove the RED clamp from the positive terminal of your car
Step 5: Recharge Your Battery
Drive your vehicle for at least 20-30 minutes to allow the alternator to recharge the battery properly. Most vehicle alternators need at least 20 minutes of engine running time. This helps restore a good charge to a dead battery, according to Interstate Battery System of America.
Avoid turning off the engine until you’ve driven for this minimum time, or you might find yourself needing another jump-start. If your vehicle stalls shortly after jump-starting, your battery or alternator may need professional attention.